Home  ›  When Is Mcdonalds on General Highway Going to Open Again

When Is Mcdonalds on General Highway Going to Open Again

Written By Martes, Mayo 24, 2022 Add Comment Edit

Overview of the history of McDonald's

This article is intended to give an overview of the history of McDonald's.

Early history [edit]

Founding by Richard and Maurice McDonald [edit]

The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald ("Dick" and "Mac") began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.[1] In 1937, their father, Patrick McDonald, opened The Airdrome, a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California.[2]

In October 1948, the McDonald brothers realized that most of their profits came from hamburgers. They closed down their successful carhop drive-in to establish a streamlined system with a simple menu, which consisted of only hamburgers, cheeseburgers, potato chips, coffee, soft drinks, and apple pie.[3]

In April 1952, the brothers decided they needed an entirely new building to achieve two goals: further efficiency improvements, and a more eye-catching appearance. They collected recommendations for an architect and interviewed at least four, choosing Stanley Clark Meston, who practiced in nearby Fontana.[1] The brothers and Meston worked together closely in the design of their new building. They achieved the extra efficiencies they needed by, among other things, drawing the actual measurements of every piece of equipment in chalk on a tennis court behind the McDonald house (with Meston's assistant, Charles Fish).[4]

The new design achieved a high level of notice thanks to gleaming surfaces of red and white ceramic tile, stainless steel, brightly colored sheet metal, and glass; pulsing red, white, yellow, and green neon; and two 25-foot yellow sheet-metal arches trimmed in neon, which they named the "golden arches" at the design stage. A third, smaller arch sign at the roadside hosted a pudgy character in a chef's hat, known as Speedee, striding across the top, trimmed in animated neon. Further marketing techniques were implemented to change McDonald's from a sit-down restaurant to a fast food chain. They used such things as turning off the heating to prevent people wanting to stay so long, fixed and angled seating so the customer would sit over their food promoting them to eat faster, spreading the seats farther apart so being less of a sociable place to dine in, and giving their customers branded cone shaped cups forcing them to hold their drink while eating which would speed up the eating process.[1]

In late 1953, with only a rendering of Meston's design in hand, the brothers began seeking franchisees.[1] Their first franchisee was Neil Fox, a distributor for General Petroleum Corporation. Fox's stand, the first with Meston's golden arches design, opened in May 1953 at Central Avenue and Indian School Road in Phoenix, Arizona. Their second franchisee was the team of Fox's brother-in-law Roger Williams and Burdette "Bud" Landon, both of whom also worked for General Petroleum. Williams and Landon opened their stand on August 18, 1953, at 10207 Lakewood Boulevard in Downey, California. The Downey stand is the oldest surviving McDonald's restaurant.[5] [6] [7]

Ray Kroc joined the chain in 1954 and built it into an eventually global franchise, making it the most successful fast food corporation in the world.

Ray Kroc joins and expands franchise operation [edit]

In 1954, Ray Kroc, a seller of Prince Castle brand Multimixer milkshake machines, learned that the McDonald brothers were using eight of his machines in their San Bernardino restaurant. His curiosity was piqued, and he visited the restaurant with his friend Charles Lewis, who had suggested to Kroc several improvements to the McDonald's burger recipe. At this point, the McDonald brothers had six franchise locations in operation.[8]

Believing the McDonald's formula was a ticket to success, Kroc suggested they franchise their restaurants throughout the United States. The brothers were skeptical that the self-service approach could succeed in colder, rainier climates; furthermore, their thriving business in San Bernardino, and franchises already operating or planned, made them reluctant to risk a national venture.[1] Kroc offered to take the major responsibility for setting up the new franchises elsewhere. He returned to his home outside of Chicago with rights to set up McDonald's restaurants throughout the country, except in a handful of territories in California and Arizona already licensed by the McDonald brothers. The brothers were to receive 0.5% of gross sales.[1]

Sonneborn model and shift to real estate holdings [edit]

In 1956, Ray Kroc met Harry J. Sonneborn, a former VP of finance for Tastee-Freez, who offered an idea to accelerate the growth and investment grade of Kroc's planned McDonald's operation: own the real estate that future franchises would be built on. Kroc hired Sonneborn and his plan was executed through forming a separate company, Franchise Realty Corp, to hold McDonald's real estate. The new company signed leases and took out mortgages for both lands and buildings, passing these costs on to the franchisee with a 20-40% markup and a reduced initial deposit of $950.[9] [10] The "Sonneborn model" of real estate ownership within the franchise persists to this day, and may be the most important financial decision in the company's history. McDonald's present-day real estate holdings represent $37.7Bn on its balance sheet, about 99% of the company's assets and 35% of its annual gross revenue.[11]

1960s and 1970s [edit]

The first television commercial to feature the Ronald McDonald character, from 1963

The Big Mac hamburger made its debut in 1968.

By 1960, McDonald's restaurants were grossing $56 million annually. The growth in U.S. automobile use that came with suburbanization and the interstate highway system contributed heavily to McDonald's success. In 1961 Kroc's conflict over the vision of the company with the founding brothers had grown, and he asked them how much money they wanted to leave their business to him entirely. The brothers asked for $2.7 million (about $21.6 million in today's dollars), which Kroc did not have. Harry J. Sonneborn was able to raise the money for him, and Kroc bought the founding brothers out. This purchase laid the groundwork to positioning the company for an IPO and furthering the aim at making McDonald's the number one fast-food chain in the country. The exact process of how the company was sold is not well-recorded; it is depicted as a hostile takeover by Kroc in the 2022 biographical film The Founder, but that portrayal is disputed, and interviews of the time speak of a more voluntary transition.[8] [12]

Kroc and Sonneborn had a falling out over expansion of the company, leading to Sonneborn's resignation in 1967. Kroc took over the title of CEO and president.[9]

McDonald's success in the 1960s was in large part due to the company's skillful marketing and flexible response to customer demand. In 1962, the Filet-O-Fish sandwich, billed as "the fish that catches people", was introduced in McDonald's restaurants.[13] In 1967, the Big Mac was created by franchisee Jim Delligatti, and was added to McDonald's national menu the next year.[14]

New Zealand's first McDonald's restaurant, in Porirua

There was some skepticism about the company's phenomenal growth internationally. When Wally and Hugh Morris approached the corporation in 1974 to bring McDonald's into New Zealand, they were firmly shunned by Kroc who, citing a visit to the country, stated, "There aren't any people... I never met a more dead-than-alive hole in my life." Persistence by the brothers eventually led to their request being granted in May 1975. They negotiated a deal with the corporation by selling New Zealand cheese to the US to offset the high costs of importing plant equipment. The first New Zealand restaurant opened in June 1976 at Porirua, near Wellington, to much more success than the corporation predicted.[15]

1980s – 2010s [edit]

The first McDonald's Express locations opened in 1991. These are smaller-scale prototypes, usually constructed in prefabricated buildings or urban storefronts, that do not feature certain menu items such as milkshakes and Quarter Pounders.[16]

A McDonald's soft drink/ice cream stand in Sanya, Hainan, China

The first McDonald's in Mainland China opened in Dongmen, Shenzhen in October 1990.[17]

The Extra Value Meal, a burger, fries and drink combination deal, was introduced from 1993, originally as part of a Jurassic Park tie-in.[18] In 2000, a McDonald's in Dearborn, Michigan in Greater Detroit was the first one in Michigan and the only one east of the Mississippi River to offer halal food for Muslim customers.[19] In January 2012, the company announced revenue for 2011 reached an all-time high of $27 billion, and that 2,400 restaurants would be updated and 1,300 new ones opened worldwide.[20]

In the middle of the decade, the restaurant began to suffer from declining profits.[21] In response, McDonald's began to offer a limited selection of its breakfast menu all day starting in 2015.[22] At first, the launch was unpopular with franchisees who claimed that the changes caused service to slow down.[21] However, the plan paid off with CNBC reporting that the company's fourth quarter earnings "easily topped analysts' forecasts".[23]

Timeline [edit]

Pre-1960s [edit]

First restaurant franchised under Kroc's efforts, the tenth-ever location, at Blackstone and Shields Avenues (though torn down and rebuilt twice) in Fresno, California

  • 1953: The third McDonald's restaurant, franchised to Roger Williams and Burdette Landon, opens in Downey, California at the corner of Lakewood Blvd and Florence Avenue. Today it is the oldest McDonald's restaurant still in operation.[24]
  • 1957: The original restaurant in San Bernardino is rebuilt with a golden arches design.[1]

1960s [edit]

  • 1962: Market research shows that people identify McDonald's primarily with the golden arches.[1]
  • 1967: The First McDonald's outside the United States opens in Richmond BC Canada.[25]

1970s [edit]

  • 1971: The first McDonald's in Europe opens in Zaandam, the Netherlands in collaboration with Dutch supermarket chain Albert Heijn.[26]
  • 1971: The first McDonald's in the Southern Hemisphere opens in Australia, in the Sydney suburb of Yagoona in December. The restaurant becomes known locally as "Maccas".[27]
  • 1972: The McDonald's system generates $1 billion in sales through 2200 restaurants.[28]
  • 1972: The first McDonald's in New York City opens on Manhattan's Upper West Side, dubbed "Townhouse" (to reflect that it was not a drive-in) and serves a record 100,000 hamburgers in its first week.[29]

1978 photo of McDonald's restaurant in Chicago. Note the sign that states, "Over 25 billion served".

  • 1974: On November 13, the first McDonald's in the United Kingdom opens in Woolwich, southeast London. It is the 3000th McDonald's restaurant.[30]
  • 1976: The first McDonald's in Switzerland, on Rue du Mont-Blanc in Geneva.[31]

1980s [edit]

A McDonald's in Finland, located on Hämeenkatu in central Tampere. The first McDonald's restaurant in Finland was located at the Commerce House near the Keskustori market square but has since been shut down.[32]

  • 1984: On 18 July, James Oliver Huberty opens fire inside a McDonald's in San Ysidro, near the US Mexican border. (San Ysidro McDonald's massacre). Many people are killed including the gunman.
  • 1984: The first McDonald's in Finland opens in Tampere.[32]
  • 1987: On August 12, a Piper Cheyenne, which started in Augsburg, West Germany, was on a simulated approach to Munich's main airport Riem, when all instruments failed. The plane crashed into the McDonald's restaurant in the Wasserburger Landstrasse. Fourteen people were killed in the incident: 4 in the plane, 3 on the street or in a bus, which was also struck by the plane, and 7 in the restaurant. The McDonald's in the Wasserburger Landstrasse has since been rebuilt.[33]
  • 1987: On 23 November, The first Scottish store opens in Dundee, followed by Kirkcaldy.[34]
  • 1988: On 29 April, McDonald's opens its first restaurant in Hungary, in Budapest, which is the first McDonald's in a Warsaw Pact country, behind the Iron Curtain.[35]

1990s [edit]

  • 1990: On January 31, the first McDonald's restaurant opens in the Soviet Union, in Moscow.[36] Located in Pushkinskaya Square, it serves 30,000 people on opening day, and is the largest McDonald's in the world at the time.[37]
  • 1990: In November McDonald's opens its first restaurant in Chile.[38]
  • 1992: A McDonald's employee and two others open kill and injure a number of people in a Canadian McDonald's (Sydney River McDonald's murders)
  • 1995: The first McDonald's in Estonia opens in Tallinn.[39]

2000s [edit]

  • 2002: In October, McDonald's opens the first of two corporate stores in Lincoln, Nebraska to test concept restaurant called "3N1". The concept incorporated a "Sandwich & Platter" casual dining area, a "bakery and ice cream" area featuring gourmet coffees, and a traditional McDonald's into one building.[40] The second store is launched approximately six months later.[41] The concept is spearheaded by Tom Ryan, who was Executive Vice President and Chief Concept Officer at the time. The concept is abandoned in less than a year, and Ryan leaves McDonald's to join Quiznos Sub.[42]
  • 2003: James Richard Cantalupo is elected chairman and chief operating officer, succeeding Jack M. Greenberg. Just prior to assuming his post Cantalupo shuts down Project Innovate, a global consulting project that had already spent $170 million of a projected 5-year budget of $1.2 billion.[43]
  • 2003: According to Technomic, a market research firm, McDonald's share of the U.S. market had fallen three percentage points in five years and was at 15.2%.[44]
  • 2003: The firm reports a $126M USD loss for the fourth quarter.[45]
  • 2004: Chairman and CEO Jim Cantalupo dies suddenly at the age of 60 in his hotel room of an apparent heart attack while attending the annual franchisee convention in Orlando, FL on April 19. A 30-year veteran of the organization, Cantalupo had previously served as president and CEO of McDonald's International. He is credited with introducing the premium salad line and reformulating Chicken McNuggets to include leaner, all-white meat.[46] [47] Andrew J. McKenna, Sr., a prominent Chicago businessman and a McDonald's director, is elected Nonexecutive Chairman, and Charlie Bell of Sydney, Australia, is elected president and CEO of McDonald's Corporation. A month later Bell is diagnosed with colorectal cancer during a physical exam required for his new post and dies in January of the next year. Like retired chairman and former CEO Fred L. Turner, Bell began his McDonald's career as a crew member. He was promoted frequently, serving as the corporation's Chief Operating Officer and as President of both McDonald's Europe and of the Asia/Pacific, Middle East and Africa Group.[48]
  • 2005: Jim Skinner is elected president and CEO. Skinner began his McDonald's career as a trainee restaurant manager at a McDonald's in Carpentersville, Illinois in 1971 after serving nearly ten years with the US Navy.[49] [50]
  • 2005: A fired employee with Asperger's Syndrome, who was terminated for hitting a customer, murders his former manager at a McDonald's outlet in West Sussex, England. Shane Freer (20) stabbed Jackie Marshall (57) to death during a children's party at the fast food restaurant she was supervising. Freer was convicted and sentenced to life in prison by Lewes Crown Court.[51]

2010s [edit]

  • 2010: Subway surpasses McDonald's as the largest single-brand restaurant chain and the largest restaurant operator globally.[52]
  • 2011: McDonald's makes a deal with the Marine Stewardship Council to certify the fish used for the Filet-O-Fish sold in Europe.[53]
  • 2012: McDonald's begins posting the calories count for items on the menus and menu boards in the drive-thru.[54]
  • 2013: First McDonald's burger restaurant franchise in Vietnam was awarded to the son in law of the Vietnamese prime minister.[55]
  • 2013: McDonald's Australia trials home delivery in selected areas of Sydney, with online ordering available through Menulog[56] [57]
  • 2014: (October) McDonald's Australia trials custom made burgers with the choice of buns, cheese, sauces, etc. This was launched at the Castle Hill Store in Sydney.[58]
  • 2015: United States stores implement all-day breakfast.[59]
  • 2016: McDonald's withdraws the Step-It activity tracker, which is worn on the wrist, and was given away with Happy Meals to children in the US and Canada. There were fears that the devices caused skin irritation.[60]
  • 2018: McDonald's announces it will ban plastic drinking straws in its UK and Ireland restaurants.[61]
  • 2019: McDonald's purchases personalization-technology company Dynamic Yield for $300 million and acquires a 9.9% stake in mobile software company Plexure for $3.7 million.[62]
  • 2019: McDonald's opens the McHive, the world's smallest restaurant for bees.[63]
  • 2019: On September 10, McDonald's acquired Apprente, an American startup company specializing in customer service utilizing artificial intelligence.[64] [65]

2020s [edit]

  • 2020: In March, McDonald's halts all day breakfast due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[66]
  • 2022: On March 8, the company announces that it is pausing operations at all 850 of its locations in Russia, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine twelve days prior. The move comes after similar decisions by other Western companies and pressure from critics.[37]

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Hess, Alan (March 1986). "The Origins of McDonald's Golden Arches". Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. 45 (1): 60–67. doi:10.2307/990129. JSTOR 990129.
  2. ^ Skrabec, Quentin R.; Skrabec Jr., Quentin R. (2012). The 100 Most Significant Events in American Business: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 206. ISBN9780313398629.
  3. ^ Bryson, Bill (1994). Made in America. p. 338.
  4. ^ Hess, Alan (August 14, 2013). "The oldest McDonald's as Architecture". Retrieved March 2, 2014.
  5. ^ Warren, Gary (October 20, 2018). "Posts From The Road: Oldest McDonald's In America". Los Alamos Daily Post – Los Alamos Online News . Retrieved June 17, 2021.
  6. ^ Peterson, Lucas (April 16, 2015). "A Pilgrimage to the World's Oldest Surviving McDonald's". Eater LA . Retrieved June 17, 2021.
  7. ^ Becher, Brooke (August 18, 2018). "Downey's historic McDonalds at 65: Memories bitter and sweet shared under the golden arches". Press Telegram . Retrieved June 17, 2021.
  8. ^ a b "'The Founder' and the Complicated True Story Behind the Founding of McDonald's". Money . Retrieved September 30, 2019.
  9. ^ a b "How McDonald's Works". HowStuffWorks. October 20, 2008. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
  10. ^ "Ray Kroc and the Fast Food Industry". www.wiley.com . Retrieved September 30, 2019.
  11. ^ Brownlee, Adam (September 21, 2018). "McDonalds Corporation - A real estate empire". Motley Fool.
  12. ^ "The true origin story behind McDonald's". Marketplace. February 9, 2017. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
  13. ^ Smith, Craig S. (November 7, 2002). "North Sea Cod Crisis Brings Call for Nations to Act". The New York Times . Retrieved December 30, 2010.
  14. ^ "Big Mac creator Jim Delligatti dies at 98". Associated Press. November 30, 2016. Archived from the original on December 1, 2016. Retrieved April 19, 2022 – via USA Today.
  15. ^ Hepözden, Rosemary (2011). O'Flaherty, Brian (ed.). Golden Arches under Southern Skies: Celebrating 35 years of McDonald's in New Zealand. in co-op with McDonald's Restaurants (NZ) Ltd. Auckland: Renaissance Publishing. ISBN978-0-9864521-1-6.
  16. ^ "Here's Your Hamburger, What's Your Hurry? : Fast food: A tiny prefabricated McDonald's going up at the 32nd Street Naval Station will be missing something: seats". Los Angeles Times. October 23, 1991. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  17. ^ Symotiuk, Rose (May 21, 2015). "Shenzhen then and now: Dongmen". That's Shenzhen. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
  18. ^ "Coke and McDonald's, Growing Together Since 1955". The New York Times.
  19. ^ "Restaurant caters to Muslim customers." The Detroit News. September 28, 2000. Retrieved on July 5, 2013. "A Dearborn McDonald's has become the first McDonald's restaurant in the state and the only McDonald's east of the Mississippi to offer food acceptable to strict Muslim dietary laws. The McDonald's at 14860 Michigan, east of Greenfield, now offers halal McNuggets. Halal is an Arabic word meaning lawful, or permitted. Halal meat is prepared according to the dictates of the Koran, much like kosher food. Muslims are[...]" Available from the archives of The Detroit News: Article ID det8723702.
  20. ^ "McDonald's Unveils Chicken McBites". Los Angeles Times. January 25, 2012. Archived from the original on September 5, 2012.
  21. ^ a b "McDonald's franchisees say all-day breakfast launch a disaster". KFLY. October 17, 2015. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
  22. ^ Little, Katie (October 2015). "McDonald's all-day breakfast? The wait is over for some". CNBC.
  23. ^ La Monica, Paul R (January 25, 2016). "McDonald's sales soar thanks to all day breakfast". CNBC . Retrieved September 15, 2017.
  24. ^ "Downey, CA - World's Oldest Operating McDonald's". RoadsideAmerica.com . Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  25. ^ "McDonald's | History, Ray Kroc, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com . Retrieved March 10, 2022.
  26. ^ "Eten op z'n Amerikaans: snel en schoon" [Food the American Way: Fast and Clean]. Delpher. Algemeen Dagblad. August 21, 1971. Retrieved August 21, 2021.
  27. ^ "First Macca's opened in memory lane". The Australian Business Review. Archived from the original on April 23, 2016. Retrieved October 24, 2015.
  28. ^ Ray Kroc and the Fast Food Industry
  29. ^ "The junk food orgy: Notes of a McDonald's freak". The Village Voice. August 10, 1972. Retrieved October 29, 2018.
  30. ^ "A historic anniversary: 35 years since the opening of Britain's first McDonald's". Telegraph Blogs. Archived from the original on November 13, 2014. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  31. ^ "History" (in French). McDonald's. Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Retrieved January 22, 2014.
  32. ^ a b McDonald'sin historia (the history of McDonald's), McDonald's.fi. Accessed on April 6, 2020.
  33. ^ "The Sydney Morning Herald - Google News Archive Search". Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  34. ^ "20 years of Big Macs as McDonald's marks Scottish anniversary". The Scotsman. Edinburgh. November 23, 2007.
  35. ^ "1988: The First Hungarian McDonald's Opens (article in Hungarian)". Index. Budapest. April 29, 2008.
  36. ^ "Russia Beyond". January 29, 2019. Retrieved October 7, 2021.
  37. ^ a b Wiener-Bronner, Danielle (March 10, 2022). "McDonald's transformed Russia ... now it's abandoning the country". CNN. Archived from the original on March 11, 2022. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
  38. ^ "McDonald's cumple 20 años de presencia en Chile". La Segunda (in Spanish). November 16, 2010. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
  39. ^ "Meie ajalugu" [Our history] (in Estonian). McDonald's.ee. Retrieved April 6, 2020.
  40. ^ McDonald's press release [ permanent dead link ]
  41. ^ "'McDonald's 3'n1' Debuts Second Restaurant in Lincoln, Nebraska". McDonald's. 2003. Archived from the original on June 22, 2003.
  42. ^ "6. A Brand to Go, With Everything on It". Fast Company. Archived from the original on March 13, 2006. Retrieved November 14, 2006.
  43. ^ McDougal, Paul (October 16, 2006). "8 Expensive IT Blunders". Information Week. Archived from the original on December 8, 2008. Retrieved August 4, 2008. (Ambiguous, may be 8 April 2008)
  44. ^ Day, Sherri (March 3, 2003). "McDonald's Strives to Regain Ground". The New York Times.
  45. ^ "McDonald's on track for recovery". BBC News. January 26, 2004.
  46. ^ "Sad day at McDonald's". CNN. April 19, 2004. Archived from the original on May 2, 2004.
  47. ^ "Big Mac's Makeover: McDonald's Turned Around". The Economist. October 14, 2004. Archived from the original on July 31, 2012. Retrieved April 8, 2008.
  48. ^ "McDonald's Former President and CEO Charlie Bell Dies of Cancer". McDonald's Press Release. January 17, 2005. Archived from the original on September 4, 2008. Retrieved August 4, 2008. (Ambiguous, may be 8 April 2008)
  49. ^ "McDonald's Corporation Biographies: Jim Skinner". McDonald's Corporation. Archived from the original on March 24, 2008. Retrieved April 8, 2008.
  50. ^ Arndt, Michael (November 23, 2004). "What McDonald's Newest Cook Faces". BusinessWeek. Archived from the original on March 13, 2005.
  51. ^ "Life term for McDonald's killing". BBC News. September 21, 2006.
  52. ^ "Subway Runs Past McDonald's Chain". The Wall Street Journal . Retrieved January 20, 2014.
  53. ^ Jolly, David (June 9, 2011). "McDonald's to market eco-friendly fish to Europeans". International Herald Tribune. Paris. p. 7.
  54. ^ "McDonald's to post calories for items on menu boards". USA Today. September 12, 2012. Archived from the original on February 5, 2013. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
  55. ^ "McDonald's to open its first location in Vietnam." Associated Press at Houston Chronicle. July 17, 2013. Retrieved on July 17, 2013.
  56. ^ "McDonald's - North Parramatta". Menulog. Archived from the original on 13 November 2014. Retrieved 6 January 2015.
  57. ^ "Good Food – McDonald's home delivery takes off across Australia". Good Food. August 5, 2014. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  58. ^ Macleod, Duncan (October 9, 2014). "McDonalds Create Your Taste in Learning Lab Restaurant". The Inspiration Room . Retrieved October 13, 2014.
  59. ^ Lezare, Lewis (September 3, 2015). "Inside McDonald's marketing game plan for the all-day breakfast rollout – part two". Chicago Business Journal . Retrieved September 7, 2015.
  60. ^ "McDonald's drops wearable over claims it can cause rash". BBC News . Retrieved August 18, 2016.
  61. ^ "McDonald's to ditch plastic straws". BBC News. June 15, 2018.
  62. ^ "McDonald's announced 2 deals in a week. Here's why investors should care". CNBC. April 3, 2019.
  63. ^ McDonald's opens 'world's smallest restaurant' for bees
  64. ^ Barrett, Brian. "McDonald's Acquires Apprente to Double Down on Tech". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved September 12, 2019.
  65. ^ "McDonald's acquires Apprente to bring voice technology to drive-thrus". TechCrunch . Retrieved September 10, 2019.
  66. ^ Maglente, Shanon (May 29, 2021). "McDonald's Explains Why They No Longer Serve All Day Breakfast". Yahoo! Life. Archived from the original on June 1, 2021. Retrieved January 17, 2022.

johnsonsount1937.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_McDonald%27s

0 Response to "When Is Mcdonalds on General Highway Going to Open Again"

Mag-post ng isang Komento

Mag-subscribe sa: I-post ang Mga Komento (Atom)

Iklan Atas Artikel

Iklan Tengah Artikel 1

Iklan Tengah Artikel 2

Iklan Bawah Artikel