what are the sins that lead to death
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The following is an extract from The MacArthur New Testament Commentary on 1 John 5.
This is the conviction which nosotros have before Him, that, if we ask annihilation co-ordinate to His will, He hears us. And if we know that He hears us in whatever we ask, nosotros know that we accept the requests which we take asked from Him. If anyone sees his blood brother committing a sin not leading to death, he shall ask and God volition for him give life to those who commit sin not leading to death. There is a sin leading to expiry; I do not say that he should make request for this. All unrighteousness is sin, and there is a sin non leading to death. (5:14–17)
Equally noted higher up, the total experience of eternal life awaits Christians in heaven. But though they have not nevertheless entered into their eternal inheritance (cf. 1 Peter 1:four), they have access to all of God's resources through prayer. Parresia (confidence) literally means "freedom of speech communication" (cf. the discussion of iii:21 in chapter 13 of this book). It can also be translated "disrespect" (Acts 4:31), or "openness" (Acts 28:31). The phrase translated before Him has the sense of "in His presence." Through Jesus Christ believers have "boldness and confident admission" (Eph. 3:12) to God that enables them to "draw near with conviction to the throne of grace, so that [they] may receive mercy and discover grace to help in time of need" (Heb. 4:sixteen).
The sure promise of God is that when believers boldly and freely come to Him with their requests, He will hear and answer. If we enquire annihilation according to His will, John wrote, He hears us. And if we know that He hears united states of america in whatever we inquire, nosotros know that we have the requests which we have asked from Him. Hearing in this context refers to more than than merely God's existence enlightened of believers' requests; information technology also ways that He grants the requests which nosotros have asked from Him. That is nothing less than a blank cheque to ask God for annihilation, but it comes with one of import qualifier: the requests must be according to His will.
To pray according to God's volition assumes kickoff of all being saved. God is not obligated to reply the prayers of unbelievers. He may choose to practice so when it suits His sovereign purposes, merely God does not obligate Himself to whatever unbeliever. John illustrated this principle when he wrote earlier in this epistle, "Honey, if our middle does not condemn us, nosotros have confidence earlier God; and whatever nosotros ask nosotros receive from Him, considering we keep His commandments and practise the things that are pleasing in His sight" (3:21–22). The Lord Jesus Christ made a similar statement, recorded in John 15:7: "If yous bide in Me, and My words bide in you [the definition of a genuine believer], ask whatever y'all wish, and it will be done for yous" (cf. 5. sixteen). Only believers, those who obey God's commandments, can have the certainty that He will answer their prayers.
Praying according to God's volition as well means confessing sin. The psalmist wrote in Psalm 66:18, "If I regard wickedness in my heart, the Lord will not hear" (cf. 1 Peter 3:7).
Again, the Lord's promise in John 14:13–14 affirms the requirement of praying according to God's will: "Whatever you enquire in My name, that will I exercise, so that the Father may exist glorified in the Son. If you enquire Me anything in My name, I will exercise it." To pray in Jesus' name is to pray consistent with who He is, with the goal of bringing Him glory. It is to follow the pattern of His model prayer: "Your kingdom come up. Your will be done, on earth equally it is in heaven" (Matt. vi:10), and His instance of humble submission to the Father's will when He prayed in Gethsemane, "Father, if You are willing, remove this cup from Me; yet not My will, but Yours be done" (Luke 22:42). The goal of prayer is not to gratify our selfish desires (cf. James iv:3), but to align our wills with God's purposes.
Praying according to God'southward will not but brings glory to the Son, just also joy to believers. "Truly, truly, I say to you lot," Jesus said, "if y'all ask the Male parent for anything in My name, He will give it to you. Until now you have asked for zilch in My name; ask and y'all will receive, so that your joy may exist made full" (John sixteen:23–24). When obedient believers delight themselves in the Lord, He will plant the desires in their hearts for what glorifies Him (Ps. 37:iv), and those desires will control their prayers. God'due south answers to those prayers will glorify Him, bring believers' wills into line with His purposes, and fill up them with joy.
At get-go glance, verse sixteen appears to innovate an abrupt change of subject. But upon further consideration, the connexion of verses 16 and 17 to verses fourteen and xv becomes articulate. By giving i important exception, John illustrates in a contrasting mode the extent of God's hope to respond prayer. When a laic sees a brother (a real or professing believer) committing a sin not leading to death, the apostle writes, he shall ask and God volition for him give life to those who commit sin not leading to death. On the other hand, there is a sin leading to death, and the campaigner did non advise Christians to brand request for this sin.
Obviously John and his readers knew what the sin leading to death was, since no explanation is given, simply its exact meaning is difficult for us to determine. Ii possibilities nowadays themselves.
First, the sin in question may be that of a non-Christian leading to eternal decease. In that example it would be a final rejection of Jesus Christ, such as that committed past those who attributed His miracles to the ability of Satan (Matt. 12:31–32). Such ultimate apostasy is unforgivable, as Jesus declared:
Therefore I say to you lot, any sin and irreverence shall be forgiven people, but irreverence against the Spirit shall non be forgiven. Whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man, it shall be forgiven him; merely whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit, it shall not be forgiven him, either in this age or in the age to come. (Matt. 12:31–32)
Praying for the restoration of such people to the fellowship from which they have departed (1 John 2:19) is futile, because "information technology is impossible to renew them again to repentance, since they again excruciate to themselves the Son of God and put Him to open shame" (Heb. half dozen:6). John did not prevent prayer for such people, since it is impossible to know who they are. The apostle only stated that prayer for them volition not be answered; God has already made the final decision about their future. Supporting the view that John is referring to unbelievers is the present tense of the participle hamartanonta ("sinning"; the Greek text literally reads "If anyone sees his brother sinning a sin …"); John elsewhere in this epistle uses the present tense to depict the habitual sins that characterize unbelievers (e.g., 3:4, 6, 8; 5:18).
Some other possibility is that John is not referring to an unbeliever, but to a believer. According to this view, the sin leading to death refers to a Christian's sin that is so serious that God takes the life of the one committing it. He put to decease Ananias and Sapphira when they lied to the Holy Spirit in front end of the church (Acts 5:ane–11). Paul wrote to the Corinthians concerning those who were abusing the Lord's Table, "For this reason many among yous are weak and sick, and a number sleep [take died]" (1 Cor. xi:30). The sin is non i particular sin, but whatever sin that the Lord determines is serious enough to warrant such severe chastisement.
Both of the in a higher place views reflect biblical truth, and it is hard to be dogmatic as to which i John had in heed. In either case, John'south indicate is that prayer for those committing a sin leading to death will not result in the effect that might otherwise be expected.
Although God mercifully does not immediately punish every sin with death, every sin is nonetheless a serious matter to Him. All unrighteousness is sin, John reminded his readers, even sin not leading to death. Every sin is a violation of His law and an affront to God, and is to be confessed (i:9; Ps. 32:five), forsaken (Prov. 28:xiii), and mortified (Rom. 8:13; Col. 3:five).
Source: https://www.gty.org/library/bibleqnas-library/QA0265/the-sin-leading-to-death
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